Over the past decade, the Minneapolis Police Department has faced numerous disciplinary actions and lawsuits. A 2023 Department of Justice investigation found that MPD officers routinely used excessive force, often when no force was necessary, and unlawfully discriminated against Black and Native American people. The department’s accountability system was deemed ‘fundamentally flawed,’ with many complaints dismissed without investigation. Use-of-force incidents, including the deaths of George Floyd and Daunte Wright, have led to significant public outcry and reforms. The department has also faced criticism for its ‘coaching’ process, which allowed officers to avoid formal discipline for serious misconduct. In response to these issues, Minneapolis has agreed to systemic reforms and outside oversight to address these systemic problems.